Arts and Music

• Ernst Krenek (born 1900)

  Austrian-American composer.

  • Wrote the first jazz opera, Johnny Spielt Auf (see list of Composers of the 20th Century)

Science and Philosophy

• Ernst B. Chain (born 1906, died 1979)

  German-born British biochemist who, with Howard Walter Florey, isolated penicillin and performed the first clinical trials involving its use as an antibiotic.

  • 1945 Nobel Prize winner in Physiology/Medicine, with Alexander Fleming and Howard Florey (see list of Winners of the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine)
• Ernst Otto Fischer (born 1918)

  German chemist known for his work with organometallics (combinations of metal and organic matter).

  • 1973 Nobel Prize winner in Chemistry, with Geoffrey Wilkinson (see list of Winners of the Nobel Prize for Chemistry)
• Ernst Haeckel (born 1834, died 1919)

  German biologist and philosopher.

  • Advocate of evolution who believed that during gestation each animal passes through the stages of its species'' evolution (see list of Biological Scientists)
• Ernst Mayr (born 1904)

  German-American zoologist.

  • 1969 National Medal of Science winner (see list of National Medal of Science Winners)
• Ernst Messerschmidt
  • On Challenger (1985) (see list of Spaceflight Veterans)
• Ernst Ruska

  German physicist who designed the first electron microscope.

  • 1986 Nobel Prize winner in Physics, with Gerd Binnig and Heinrich Rohrer (see list of Winners of the Nobel Prize for Physics)

Sports

• Ernst Hinterseer

  Austrian athlete.

  • 1964 Olympic alpine skiing gold medal winner for Slalom (see list of Olympic Gold Medalists in Downhill Skiing)
• Ernst Hoppenberg

  German athlete.

  • 1900 Olympic swimming gold medal winner for 200m backstroke (see list of Olympic Gold Medalists in Miscellaneous Swimming Events)

Stage and Screen

• Ernst Lubitsch (born 1892, died 1947)

  German-born American movie director.

  • Star on Hollywood Walk of Fame for Motion Picture (see list of Movie Personalities with Stars in the Hollywood Walk of Fame)